Ethogram of three genetic groups of goats confined using monitoring video images

The ethogram description of confined goats is an alternative that helps identify animals' behaviour, their main behavior and the importance of developing production systems that provide better welfare conditions. This paper aims to describe the ethogram of three genetic groups of confined goats: Azul, Moxotó and Graúna, through monitoring video images, using 9 animals kept in individual pens, monitored by video cameras mounted on the roof of each pen. As for the design and description of ethogram, 810 hours of video image were recorded and analysed, these being from being nine hours a day periods; three in the morning, afternoon and night. We identified 34 visual behaviours, which were grouped into eight categories according to their functional character: food = 4), social interaction (n = 6), displacement (n = 2), resting (n = 3), grooming (n = 4), neutral position (n = 3), bipedal (n = 5) and other activities (n = 7). In conclusion, behaviors described in the ethogram were similar for all three genetic groups. Goats conduct their daily routine with sequences of behaviour that involve eating (food intake or selection) and resting or ruminating, with social interactions and other activities having happened more frequently in the afternoon and at that time in the afternoon before being provided with food.

Caracterização físico-química do mel de Apis mellifera L., de diferentes origens botânicas / Physico-chemical characterization of honey from Apis mellifera L. from different botanical origins

O mel é um produto muito conhecido e apreciado pela população, no entanto está facilmente sujeito à falsificação. A composição química e o valor nutritivo do mel dependem fundamentalmente da origem floral. Faz-se necessário conhecer a composição e qualidade desse produto. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, a realização das análises físico-química e sensorial do mel dos Estados da Paraíba e Pernambuco. Com os resultados obtidos verificou-se que o mel do Sertão-PB apresentou características dentro dos padrões da legislação nacional, o que não ocorreu com os demais avaliados. Com relação à análise sensorial, identificou-se variação de aroma e sabor, mesmo tendo mesma origem floral.